全民英檢初級 閱讀
閱讀能力測驗
本測驗分三部分，全部都是單選題，共35題，作答時間35分鐘。
第一部分： |
詞彙和結構；共15題，每個題目裡有一個空格。請從四個選項中選出一個最適合題意的字或詞作答。 |
第二部分： |
段落填空；共10題，包括二個段落，每個段落各含4~6個空格。每格均有四個選項，請依照文意選出最適合的答案 |
第三部分： |
閱讀理解；共10題，包括數篇短文，每篇短文後面有2~3個相關問題。請由四個選項中選出最適合的答案。 |
重點文法
1. Spend / Take/ Cost用法
S. |
V. |
時間/金錢 |
V. |
人 |
spend |
時間/金錢 |
(in) Ving |
事物 |
take |
時間 |
to V. |
事物 |
cost |
金錢 |
to V. |
2. Forget / Remember/ Stop用法
1. forget to V 忘記要…
forget + Ving 忘了曾… |
Don’t forget to close the windows before leaving.
I forget to pick up a newspaper for you. |
2.remember to V 記得要…
remember + Ving 記得曾經… |
Remember to clean the floor tonight.
My father remembers washing his car last week. |
3.stop to V停止原有動作或工作, 開始...
stop + Ving 停止從事.. |
Mr. Wilson stopped to say hello to me.
We should stop working because it’s getting dark. |
3. 使役動詞
make / let / have + 人/物 + 原V.
4.連綴動詞
look |
smell |
sound |
taste |
feel |
+ adj. |
+ like + N. |
5.感官動詞
see |
watch |
hear |
listen to |
feel |
+ N.
+ Vrt
+ Ving
+ Vpp. |
6. 比較級 & 最高級
- 比較級的句型：A + V + 比較級 than + B. (A 比 B...。)
John is taller than Mary.
- 最高級的句型：S. + V. + the 最高級（+ in/on/at/... + 群體）.
Tom is the best student in the class.
- 單字變化:
clean cleaner cleanest
- 形容詞字尾為 "子音 + y" 時，則須去y, 再加 ier / iest。
happy happier happiest
- 形容詞字尾有「子母子」現象，則要重覆字尾，再加er / est。
big bigger biggest
many / much more most
bad worse worst
good / well better best
little less
He got more and more gifts. （他獲得愈來愈多的禮物。）
7. 不定詞 to V
動詞後面必須加不定詞:
want（人） to ...
need to ...
decide to ...
learn to ...
plan to ...
would like to ...
tell 人 to ...
ask（要求）人 to ...
My brother wants to go to Japan.
8. 動名詞 Ving
（１）「動名詞」當作主詞用
Getting up early every day is really not easy.
（２）當做部分動詞的受詞
Good learners enjoy learning English.
（３）當作介詞的受詞
I worried about speaking English.
- 動詞後面必須加動名詞: enjoy / finish / keep / practice
He didn't finish drawing yesterday.
- 動詞後面必須加不定詞或動名詞: begin /start / try / like / love / hate
He started learning to surf the Internet last week.
He started to learn to surf the Internet last week.
釐清:
Getting up early is good for our health.
- 動詞放在句首有可能是命令句（又稱祈使句），那是向對方下達命令，或要求、請求對方做某個動作，通常都會伴隨著 please 或人名等。
Get up early or you won't catch the bus.
To get up early, I have to go to bed before 22:00 tonight.
9. 被動式
時態 |
主動 |
被動 |
現在進行 |
S + is, am, are + Ving + O.
Tim is copying the letters. |
S + is, am, are + being + Vpp. by O.
The letters are being copied by Tim. |
過去進行 |
S + was, were + Ving + O.
Tim was copying the letters. |
S + was, were + being + Vpp. by O.
The letters were being copied by Tim. |
現在簡單 |
S + Vs/es, Vrt + O.
Farmers grow corn. |
S + is, am, are + Vpp. by O.
Corn is grown by farmers. |
過去簡單 |
S + Vd/ed/irregular + O.
The news surprised Amy. |
S + was, were + Vpp. by O.
Amy was surprised by the news. |
現在完成 |
S + have, has + Vpp. + O.
Jack has mailed the letter. |
S + have, have + been + Vpp. by O.
The letter has been mailed by Jack. |
過去完成 |
S + had + Vpp. + O.
Jack had mailed the letter. |
S + had + been + Vpp. by O.
The letter had been mailed by Jack. |
未來 |
S + will / be going to + Vrt. + O.
Sue will write the report.
Sue is going to write the report. |
S + will/ be going to + be + Vpp. by O.
The report will be written by Sue.
The report is going to be written by Sue. |
情態助動詞 |
S + can, could, would, should, have to, has to, must, might, may + Vrt. + O.
Sue has to write the report. |
S + can, could, would, should, have to, has to, must, might, may + be + Vpp. + O.
The report has to be written by Sue. |
10. 對等連接詞
(1.) not only Ａ but also Ｂ 不但 Ａ，而且 Ｂ。
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ所用的詞要同一類型；
(2) 著重Ｂ。
He is not only brave but also wise.
(2) both Ａ and Ｂ Ａ 並且 Ｂ。
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ要同一類型；
(2) 同樣著重Ａ及Ｂ；
(3) 單單 "and" 本已足夠，"both" 加強語氣。
Both you and I are students.
(3) Ａ as well as Ｂ 除了 Ｂ，還有 Ａ
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ要同一類型；
(2) 著重Ａ；
(3) 動詞以Ａ為準。
John as well as you is my bosom friend.
(4) either Ａ or Ｂ 不是 Ａ，就是 Ｂ。
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ要同一類型；
(2) 著重Ｂ；
(3) 動詞以Ｂ為準。
Either you or he is a thief.
(5) neither Ａ or Ｂ 既不是 Ａ，亦不是 Ｂ。
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ要同一類型；
(2) 著重Ｂ；
(3) 動詞以Ｂ為準。
Neither I nor he knows it.
(6) whether Ａ or Ｂ 或者Ａ，或者Ｂ。
※ (1) Ａ與Ｂ不必定要同一類型；
(2) 同樣著重Ａ及Ｂ。
I do not care whether you go or stay.
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