八大詞性 句子的基本觀念 基本句型 助動詞
主動被動 時 態 (簡單式、進行式、完成式) 不規則動詞變化表
動詞補語 (不定詞與動名詞) 代名詞的格、反身代詞 不定代名詞
that-those, there-it, this-which 代名詞與先行詞的一致、代名詞的累贅
修飾語 (形容詞) 修飾語 (副詞) 分詞 介系詞
常考片語 假設語氣 否定用字 倒裝
比較 (比較級、最高級) 對等連接詞 從屬連接詞 獨立連接詞
名詞子句 形容詞子句 副詞子句 平行、一致、累贅用字
修飾語(形容詞與副詞)
副詞的功用與位置
1. 功用:副詞用以修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞本身或整個獨立子句。
例:1. Mr. Chan speaks English extremely fluently. (fluently“流利地”修飾speaks,而extremely“非常地”修飾fluently)
2. Fortunately he passed the entrance examination. (修飾整個子句)
3. The problem is virtually difficult. (virtually“真正地”修飾difficult)
2. 位置:副詞常用於下列位置:
(a)adv+ adj或adv:副詞修飾形容詞或副詞本身則擺在前面,但enough例外,其位置應為adj或adv+ enough。
例:1. The child is totally independent. (totally“完全地”修飾independent)
2. He writes very carelessly. (修飾carelessly)
3. He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train. (enough修飾fast)
(b)V+地方副詞+時間副詞
例:1. He was born in Taiwan in 1980.
若副詞中有大單位與小單位,則順序應為“小單位+大單位”。
例:1. I happened to see him at a bookstore in Taipei at 8:30 last night.
2. He was born in Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
(c)時間副詞(always, often, usually, never, ever, suddenly, sometimes, still, frequently, seldom, hardly, scarcely“幾乎不”)在動詞片語中的位置為
(1)S+ be+時間副詞
(2)S+時間副詞+V
(3)S+助動詞+時間副詞+動詞
例:1. Ann is often at the library in the evening.
2. My father usually gets up before 5:30.
3. We will never forget your kindness.
(d)助動詞+副詞+動詞:擺在助動詞與動詞之間一定要用副詞,以修飾動詞。
例:1. I would totally agree with you.
2. We can easily understand what he means.
3. They have completely solved their problem.
(e)V+ O+ adv:若動詞表達“認為”或“使‥”則用adj當受詞補語,其它意思則用adv以修飾動詞。
例:1. Jack opened the door slowly.
2. They finished their assignments quickly.
3. We consider him honest. (honest為adj,當受詞補語)
4. Studying keeps (使) me busy. (當受詞補語)
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