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代名詞的格、反身代詞

代名詞的格、反身代詞

代名詞的格可分為主格、受格、所有格及所有格代名詞。

主  格

受  格

所 有 格

I(我)

me(我)

my(我的)

you(你)

you(你)

your(你的)

he(他)

him(他)

his(他的)

she(她)

her(她)

her(她的)

it(它)

it(它)

its(它的)

we(我們)

us(我們)

our(我們的)

you(你們)

you(你們)

your(你們的)

they(他們)

them(他們)

their(他們的)

主格的功用是當主詞,包括I, we, you, he, she, it, they;

受格是當動詞或介系詞的受詞。包括me, us, you, him, her, it, them;

所有格當形容詞功用,後面接名詞,包括my, our, your, his, her, its, their;

所有格代名詞等於所有格+名詞,包括mine, ours, his, hers, theirs.


例:1. Nobody except him can solve our problem. (him當介系詞except之受詞)


2. Tom took an apple to school;he ate it at lunch time. (it當動詞ate之受詞)


3. Mary and Bob have their books;in other words, Mary has hers, and Bob has his.

反身代名詞包括myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves等,其要點如下:
1. 反身代名詞可以用來當加強語氣,加強主詞本身。


例:1. They themselves did it.=They did it themselves.

2. 反身代名詞可以作動詞或介系詞的受詞,但一定要滿足一個條件,即要等於主詞本身,若不等於主詞本身,則不用反身代名詞。


例:1. The old man was talking to himself. (等於The old man)


2. They disguised themselves so well that we could not recognize them. (themselves等於主詞They,them不等於主詞we)