八大詞性 　 　句子的基本觀念　　　基本句型　　　助動詞 　　

主動被動　 　時 態　(簡單式、進行式、完成式)　 　不規則動詞變化表

動詞補語　(不定詞與動名詞)　　　代名詞的格、反身代詞　 　不定代名詞

that-those, there-it, this-which　　　代名詞與先行詞的一致、代名詞的累贅

修飾語　(形容詞) 　　　修飾語　(副詞) 　　　分詞　　　介系詞

常考片語 　 　 假設語氣 　　　否定用字 　　 　倒裝

比較　(比較級、最高級)　　　對等連接詞 　　　從屬連接詞　　　獨立連接詞

名詞子句　　　形容詞子句　　　副詞子句　　　平行、一致、累贅用字

倒 裝

倒裝主要目的是為了加強語氣，倒裝的步驟是將be動詞或助動詞移至主詞前面。倒裝結構如下：

1. 否定副詞擺在首，則後面的主要子句要使用倒裝結構，這些否定副詞包括never(從未)，scarcely, hardly, rarely, barely, seldom(幾乎不)，neither, nor(也不)，no more, no longer(不再)，by no means(絕不)，not only, only, not until等等。

例：1. No longer do people like his novels.

2. Never have I seen such an interesting film.

3. I wasn’t there；neither was my brother.

4. Only when I was twenty, did I begin to study English.

2. If所引導的假設語氣亦可使用倒裝結構。

例：1. Were my brother here, he would protect me.

2. Had you asked me, I might have told you the answer.

3. 比較結構之倒裝：

A+ V1+ as…as+ B+ V2
A+ V1+ more…than+ B+ V2
這種結構中，V2可以移至B的前面，成為倒裝，但亦可不移。

例：1. Country children can read as quickly as city children can.

= Country children can read as quickly as can city children.

2. Women in their society enjoy more admiration(推崇) than women in our society do.
= Women in their society enjoy more admiration than do women in our society.

4. 表達“地方”的介系詞片語擺在句首的倒裝。

例：1. Under the tree stood an old man. (= An old man stood under the tree)

2. In the drawer are some papers. (= Some papers are in the drawer)

3. In the south of Mexico lies a beautiful city. (= A beautiful city lies in the south of Mexico)

註：表達“位於”“在於”(lie, stand), “發生”(occur)，“存在”(exist)等動詞的倒裝結構可以不加助動詞。

5. Among表達“列舉”所引導的倒裝結構：Among+ NP+ be+ S

例：Among the most important romantic poets in the eighteenth century were John Byron, John Keats, and William Wordsworth.
= John Byron, John Keats, and William Wordsworth were among the most important romantic poets in the eighteenth century.